Estimation Of Halogen (carius Method)
In Carius method, 0.15 g of an organic compound containing chlorine gave 0.12 g of silver chloride; what is the percentage of chlorine in the compound (Ag = 108, Cl = 35.5)?
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About This Question
- Subject
- chemistry
- Chapter
- purification and characterisation of organic compounds
- Topic
- estimation of halogen (carius method)
- Difficulty
- Medium
- Year
- 2025
Solution
Correct Answer:
19.8%
In Carius method for halogens, a known mass of the organic compound is heated with fuming nitric acid in the presence of silver nitrate inside a sealed Carius tube. The halogen is oxidised and precipitated as silver halide, which is filtered, washed, dried, and weighed. The percentage of chlorine is calculated from %Cl = (atomic mass of Cl / molar mass of AgCl) x (mass of AgCl / mass of compound) x 100. The molar mass of AgCl is 108 + 35.5 = 143.5 g per mol. Substituting: %Cl = (35.5 / 143.5) x (0.12 / 0.15) x 100 = 0.2474 x 0.8 x 100 = 19.8%. The value 24.7% mistakenly drops the mass ratio (0.12/0.15) and reports only the elemental fraction times 100. The value 15.8% uses an incorrect molar mass for silver chloride. The value 35.5% simply quotes the atomic mass of chlorine without performing the gravimetric calculation. This relation follows the NCERT Carius halogen estimation. Plausibility check: chlorine forms a fraction of the silver chloride mass, so a value near 20% is reasonable for the given data, confirming the answer.
This medium difficulty chemistry question is from the chapter purification and characterisation of organic compounds, covering the topic of estimation of halogen (carius method). It appeared in the 2025 exam.
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