Sandmeyer Reaction

Mediumchemistry

Sandmeyer reaction converts anilines to aryl bromides via intermediate:

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Aryl nitroso

Aryldiazonium salt

Aryl radical directly

Phenoxide ion

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Subject: chemistry
Chapter: halogen organics
Topic: sandmeyer reaction
Difficulty: Medium
Year: 2025

Solution

Correct Answer:

Aryldiazonium salt

Step 1 (Diazotization): Aniline is treated with nitrous acid ( $N a N O_{2} + H Cl$ ) at $0- 5^{\circ} C$ to form the benzene diazonium chloride ( $C_{6} H_{5} N_{2}^{+} C l^{-}$ ).
Step 2 (Sandmeyer): The stable diazonium salt is then treated with freshly prepared cuprous bromide ( $C u_{2} B r_{2}$ ) in $H B r$ .
Mechanism: The diazonium group is replaced by the Bromine atom, releasing Nitrogen gas ( $N_{2}$ ).
Result: Aniline is converted to Bromobenzene via the aryldiazonium salt intermediate.

This medium difficulty chemistry question is from the chapter halogen organics, covering the topic of sandmeyer reaction. It appeared in the 2025 exam.

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Sandmeyer Reaction

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