Potassium Permanganate
Purple color of KMnO4 is mainly due to:
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About This Question
- Subject
- chemistry
- Chapter
- d- and f-block elements
- Topic
- potassium permanganate
- Difficulty
- Hard
- Year
- 2025
Solution
Correct Answer:
Charge transfer transitions
- Electronic State: In Permanganate (MnO4−), Manganese is in the +7 oxidation state. Its configuration is 3d0 (d-zero).
- Impossibility of d-d: Since there are no electrons in the d-orbitals, typical d2˘013d transitions (promotion between split d-orbitals) cannot occur.
- The Mechanism: The intense purple color comes from Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer (LMCT).
- Process: Electrons shift from the filled p-orbitals of Oxygen (the ligand) to the empty d-orbitals of Manganese.
- Intensity: Charge transfer transitions are much 'more allowed' than d2˘013d transitions, which is why KMnO4 has such a vivid, dark color even at low concentrations.
This hard difficulty chemistry question is from the chapter d- and f-block elements, covering the topic of potassium permanganate. It appeared in the 2025 exam.
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