energy flow

Question

The 10% law of energy transfer implies that most energy is lost as:

RankGuru · Accepted Answer

1. **Lindeman's 10% Law**: States that only about $10\%$ of the energy available at one trophic level is transferred to the next higher level.
2. **Energy Fate**: The majority ($90\%$) of energy is not 'lost' in the physical sense but used by the organism for:
   - **Metabolism**: Respiration and movement.
   - **Reproduction and Growth**.
3. **Dissipation**: Ultimately, most of this energy leaves the living system as **heat** (Second Law of Thermodynamics).
4. **Consequence**: This rapid energy loss limits the number of trophic levels in a food chain to usually 4 or 5.

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energy flow

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