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Degree Of Unsaturation

Easychemistry

A hydrocarbon has the molecular formula C_6H_10; how many degrees of unsaturation does this molecule possess in total?

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About This Question

Subject
chemistry
Chapter
some basic principles of organic chemistry
Topic
degree of unsaturation
Difficulty
Easy
Year
2025
Tags
degree of unsaturationhydrogen deficiency indexrings and pi bondsmolecular formula analysissaturated reference

Solution

Correct Answer:

Degree of unsaturation counts the combined number of rings and pi bonds in a molecule and is found from the formula (2C + 2 - H)/2 for a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen. Substituting C = 6 and H = 10 gives (2*6 + 2 - 10)/2 = (12 + 2 - 10)/2 = 4/2 = 2. Thus the molecule contains a total of two units of unsaturation, which could be two rings, two double bonds, one ring and one double bond, or one triple bond. The answer 1 is wrong because it underestimates the hydrogen deficiency relative to the saturated formula C_6H_14. The answer 3 overestimates the deficiency and would require formula C_6H_8. The answer 0 would describe a fully saturated alkane such as hexane, which is C_6H_14, not C_6H_10. This formula-based reasoning is a standard NCERT structural tool. Sanity check: the saturated reference C_6H_14 has four more hydrogens than C_6H_10, and each missing pair equals one degree, confirming two.

This easy difficulty chemistry question is from the chapter some basic principles of organic chemistry, covering the topic of degree of unsaturation. It appeared in the 2025 exam.

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