prism minimum deviation

Question

At minimum deviation, the prism condition entails?

RankGuru · Accepted Answer

1. **Prism Deviation ($\delta$)**: The angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray.
2. **Condition for $\delta_{min}$**: When the angle of incidence ($i$) is adjusted such that the deviation is at its absolute minimum value:
   - The angle of incidence equals the angle of emergence ($i = e$).
   - The refracted ray inside the prism is parallel to the base of the prism (for an equilateral/isosceles prism).
3. **Refractive Index Relation**: At this point, $n = \frac{\sin((A + \delta_m)/2)}{\sin(A/2)}$, where $A$ is the prism angle.
4. **Conclusion**: The symmetric path through the prism corresponds to the **minimum deviation** point.

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prism minimum deviation

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