Partition Law

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Nernst distribution law applies best to solute distributing between:

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1. **The Law**: If a solute is added to a system of two **immiscible** (non-mixing) liquids, it distributes itself between the two layers in a constant ratio.
2. **Expression**: $K_d = \frac{C_1}{C_2}$ (at constant temperature), where $C$ is the concentration in each layer.
3. **Application**: This is the fundamental principle behind **solvent extraction** (e.g., extracting an organic compound from water into ether using a separating funnel).
4. **Limitations**: It works strictly only if the solute remains in the same molecular state (no dissociation or association) in both phases.

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Partition Law

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