p-n junction formation

Question

Depletion region forms due to:

RankGuru · Accepted Answer

When p-type and n-type materials are joined:
1. Electrons from the n-side diffuse across the junction to the p-side, and holes from the p-side diffuse to the n-side.
2. Upon crossing, they recombine. This leaves behind uncovered ionized donor atoms ($+$) on the n-side and ionized acceptor atoms ($-$) on the p-side.
3. This region of immobile ions is called the **depletion region**. It creates a built-in electric field that eventually stops further diffusion.

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p-n junction formation

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