Majority Carriers P-type

Question

Majority carriers in p-type semiconductor are?

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1. **p-type Doping**: Created by adding trivalent impurities (like Boron, Indium, or Aluminum) to a semiconductor.
2. **Hole Creation**: The impurity atom has only 3 valence electrons, creating a vacancy or 'hole' in one of the bonds with Si atoms.
3. **Acceptor Level**: These impurities are called **acceptors** because they can accept an electron from the Si lattice to fill the vacancy.
4. **Concentration**: This significantly increases the concentration of **holes** ($n_h \gg n_e$), making them the majority charge carriers.
5. **Note**: Although holes contribute to conduction, protons are fixed in the nuclei and do not move through the lattice.

Majority Carriers P-type

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