intrinsic semiconductor

Question

Intrinsic semiconductor conductivity primarily depends on:

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In an intrinsic semiconductor (pure material like Si or Ge), conductivity is determined by the number of thermally generated charge carriers (electrons and holes). 
- **Band Gap ($E_g$)**: Carriers are generated when electrons gain enough energy to jump from the valence band to the conduction band. A smaller $E_g$ allows more carriers to jump.
- **Temperature ($T$)**: The number of carriers $n_i$ increases exponentially with temperature: $n_i \propto T^{3/2} e^{-E_g / (2 k_B T)}$. 
Unlike metals, the conductivity of semiconductors increases with temperature because the effect of increased carrier concentration outweighs the effect of lattice scattering.

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Intrinsic semiconductor has charge carriers generated mainly by?