Internal Resistance
A cell of EMF 12 V and internal resistance 2 Ω is connected to an external resistance of 10 Ω. What is the terminal voltage?
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About This Question
- Subject
- physics
- Chapter
- current electricity
- Topic
- internal resistance
- Difficulty
- Medium
- Year
- 2025
Solution
Correct Answer:
10 V
- Determine Total Current (I): The circuit consists of the external resistor R and internal resistor r in series.
- I=R+rE=10+212=1212=1 A.
- Voltage Drop across Internal Resistance: v=I×r=1 A×2 Ω=2 V.
- Calculate Terminal Voltage (V): This is the potential difference that reaches the outside circuit.
- V=E−Ir=12−2=10 V.
- Alternative Method: V=I×R=1 A×10 Ω=10 V.
This medium difficulty physics question is from the chapter current electricity, covering the topic of internal resistance. It appeared in the 2025 exam.
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