Geometrical Isomerism

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Number of geometrical isomers possible for [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] (square planar):

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1. **Complex Type**: This is an $MA_2B_2$ type square planar complex.
2. **Isomers**:
   - **Cis-isomer**: Similar ligands are situated adjacent (90°) to each other. Name: **Cis-platin** (used in chemotherapy).
   - **Trans-isomer**: Similar ligands are situated opposite (180°) to each other.
3. **Geometry Note**: Geometrical isomerism is common in square planar ($CN=4$) and octahedral ($CN=6$) complexes, but **not possible** in tetrahedral complexes because all positions are equivalent and adjacent.

Geometrical Isomerism

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