gas chromatography

Question

Gas chromatography separation depends mainly on differences in:

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1. **Principle**: Separates volatile compounds in the gas phase.
2. **Mobile Phase**: An inert carrier gas ($e.g., Helium$).
3. **Stationary Phase**: A high-boiling liquid or a solid absorbent coated on a column wall.
4. **Volatility**: Compounds with **higher vapor pressures** (lower boiling points) spend more time in the gas phase and travel faster.
5. **Affinity**: Separation also depends on the 'chemical like' interactions ($Van der Waals$, dipole-dipole) between the solute and the stationary phase.
6. **Separation**: Together, these factors lead to different **retention times** for different molecules.

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gas chromatography

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