Gabriel Phthalimide Synthesis
Gabriel synthesis is used to prepare:
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About This Question
- Subject
- chemistry
- Chapter
- organic compounds containing nitrogen
- Topic
- gabriel phthalimide synthesis
- Difficulty
- Easy
- Year
- 2025
Solution
Correct Answer:
Primary amines
The Gabriel Synthesis is a highly efficient method for preparing pure Primary (1∘) Aliphatic Amines.
- Phthalimide is treated with ethanolic KOH to form potassium phthalimide.
- This Reacts with an alkyl halide (R−X) via an SN2 mechanims to form N-alkylphthalimide.
- Alkaline hydrolysis or treatment with hydrazine yields the primary amine and phthalhydrazide.
- Note: Aromatic amines cannot be prepared this way because aryl halides do not undergo nucleophilic substitution (SN2) with the phthalimide ion.
This easy difficulty chemistry question is from the chapter organic compounds containing nitrogen, covering the topic of gabriel phthalimide synthesis. It appeared in the 2025 exam.
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