gabriel phthalimide synthesis

Question

Gabriel synthesis is used to prepare:

RankGuru · Accepted Answer

The **Gabriel Synthesis** is a highly efficient method for preparing **pure Primary ($1^\circ$) Aliphatic Amines**.
1. Phthalimide is treated with ethanolic $KOH$ to form potassium phthalimide.
2. This Reacts with an alkyl halide ($R-X$) via an **$S_N2$** mechanims to form $N$-alkylphthalimide.
3. Alkaline hydrolysis or treatment with hydrazine yields the primary amine and phthalhydrazide.
- Note: **Aromatic amines** cannot be prepared this way because aryl halides do not undergo nucleophilic substitution ($S_N2$) with the phthalimide ion.

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gabriel phthalimide synthesis

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