Fractional Crystallization

Question

Fractional crystallization separates dissolved salts based on:

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1. **Scenario**: A mixture of two or more soluble solids in the same solvent.
2. **Basis**: The method utilizes the fact that different substances have different **solubilities** in the same solvent at the same temperature.
3. **Process**: 
   - The mixture is dissolved in a solvent to form a saturated solution.
   - The solution is cooled or slowly evaporated.
4. **Mechanism**: The **less soluble** component reaches its saturation point first and begins to precipitate/crystallize out of the solution.
5. **Separation**: The crystals are filtered off, while the more soluble components remain dissolved in the 'mother liquor'. This can be repeated to achieve high purity.

Fractional Crystallization

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