De Broglie Wavelength In Bohr Orbits
According to de Broglie's interpretation of stationary states, a standing electron wave exactly fits around each Bohr orbit. For the second orbit of hydrogen, where the radius is 2.12 Å, what is the de Broglie wavelength of the orbiting electron?
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Solution
6.66 Å
De Broglie explained Bohr's quantisation by requiring that an integral number of electron wavelengths fit around each orbit, expressed as 2πrn=nλ. Rearranging gives the wavelength λ=n2πrn, which links the wave picture to the orbit geometry. For the second orbit n=2 and r2=2.12 Å, so λ=22π×2.12=π×2.12≈6.66 Å. The value 3.33 Å is wrong because it forgets the factor 2π and merely halves the radius. The value 13.3 Å equals the full circumference 2πr2 and mistakenly omits dividing by n=2. The value 2.12 Å is simply the orbit radius and confuses radius with wavelength. This standing-wave requirement directly reproduces Bohr's angular-momentum rule mvr=nℏ, showing that quantisation is a natural consequence of the electron's wave nature rather than an arbitrary postulate. This directly reflects the NCERT account of de Broglie's standing-wave condition. A plausibility check confirms two complete wavelengths (2×6.66=13.3 Å) reproduce the full orbital circumference, exactly as the n=2 standing-wave condition demands.
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About This Question
- Subject
- physics
- Chapter
- atoms and nuclei
- Topic
- de broglie wavelength in bohr orbits
- Difficulty
- Medium
- Year
- 2025
Solution
Correct Answer:
6.66 Å
De Broglie explained Bohr's quantisation by requiring that an integral number of electron wavelengths fit around each orbit, expressed as 2πrn=nλ. Rearranging gives the wavelength λ=n2πrn, which links the wave picture to the orbit geometry. For the second orbit n=2 and r2=2.12 Å, so λ=22π×2.12=π×2.12≈6.66 Å. The value 3.33 Å is wrong because it forgets the factor 2π and merely halves the radius. The value 13.3 Å equals the full circumference 2πr2 and mistakenly omits dividing by n=2. The value 2.12 Å is simply the orbit radius and confuses radius with wavelength. This standing-wave requirement directly reproduces Bohr's angular-momentum rule mvr=nℏ, showing that quantisation is a natural consequence of the electron's wave nature rather than an arbitrary postulate. This directly reflects the NCERT account of de Broglie's standing-wave condition. A plausibility check confirms two complete wavelengths (2×6.66=13.3 Å) reproduce the full orbital circumference, exactly as the n=2 standing-wave condition demands.
This medium difficulty physics question is from the chapter atoms and nuclei, covering the topic of de broglie wavelength in bohr orbits. It appeared in the 2025 exam.
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