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De Broglie Wavelength From Momentum

Easyphysics

In a diffraction setup an electron is found to travel with a linear momentum of . What de Broglie wavelength should be associated with this electron?

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About This Question

Subject
physics
Chapter
dual nature of radiation and matter
Topic
de broglie wavelength from momentum
Difficulty
Easy
Year
2025
Tags
de Broglie wavelengthmatter wavesmomentumlambda = h/pelectron wave

Solution

Correct Answer:

Louis de Broglie proposed that every moving material particle has a wave character, with a wavelength inversely proportional to its momentum . This matter-wave idea unifies the particle and wave descriptions and is the basis of electron diffraction. Here the momentum is supplied directly, so no kinetic-energy conversion is needed. Substituting and gives . The option would require double the momentum, while assumes half the momentum. The option misplaces the powers of ten by a factor of four. The result, of the order of one angstrom, is comparable to atomic spacings in crystals, which is exactly why electrons of this momentum produce observable diffraction in the Davisson-Germer experiment. The magnitude check confirms the answer is physically sensible. It is worth stressing that the matter-wave wavelength is governed entirely by momentum, so two particles of very different mass moving with the same momentum share the same wavelength. This momentum-only dependence is what lets electron microscopes achieve resolution far beyond optical instruments, because the electron wavelength can be made hundreds of times smaller than that of visible light by raising its momentum.

This easy difficulty physics question is from the chapter dual nature of radiation and matter, covering the topic of de broglie wavelength from momentum. It appeared in the 2025 exam.

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