Crystal Field Splitting
In an octahedral complex, which d-orbitals have higher energy under crystal field theory?
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About This Question
- Subject
- chemistry
- Chapter
- coordination compounds
- Topic
- crystal field splitting
- Difficulty
- Easy
- Year
- 2025
Solution
- Crystal Field Theory (CFT): Ligands are treated as point charges. In an octahedral complex, ligands approach the metal along the x,y, and z axes.
- Orbital Alignment:
- eg set (dz2,dx2−y2): These orbitals have lobes pointing directly along the axes. They experience maximum repulsion from ligand point charges.
- t2g set (dxy,dyz,dzx): These orbitals have lobes pointing between the axes. They experience less repulsion.
- Energy Shift: The repulsion raises the energy of the eg orbitals above the average level (barycenter).
- Conclusion: dz2 and dx2−y2 have higher energy.
This easy difficulty chemistry question is from the chapter coordination compounds, covering the topic of crystal field splitting. It appeared in the 2025 exam.
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