Concentration Cell

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In a concentration cell with identical electrodes, driving force arises from:

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1. **Definition**: A cell consisting of two half-cells with identical electrodes and identical electrolytes, but at **different concentrations**.
2. **Standard Potential**: Since the electrodes are the same ($e.g., Ag/Ag^+$), $E^\circ_{cathode} = E^\circ_{anode} \implies E^\circ_{cell} = 0$.
3. **Operating Potential**: Using the Nernst equation: $E_{cell} = 0 - \frac{0.0591}{n} \log \frac{[C_1]}{[C_2]}$.
4. **Work**: The cell performs work as it tries to equalize the concentrations of the two half-cells (moving towards maximum entropy).
5. **Rule**: For a positive $E_{cell}$, the more concentrated solution must be the cathode.

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Concentration Cell

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