Carbohydrates Classification
A carbohydrate sample cannot be hydrolysed into any simpler sugar and contains a single polyhydroxy aldehyde unit with six carbon atoms. Into which category should this carbohydrate be classified?
Select the correct option:
Solution
An aldohexose monosaccharide
Classifying carbohydrates requires combining two criteria: how many sugar units they release on hydrolysis, and the nature and number of carbon atoms in the unit. A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolysed to anything simpler is by definition a monosaccharide. The description specifies a polyhydroxy aldehyde, which places it among aldoses, and the presence of six carbon atoms makes it a hexose. Combining these, the compound is an aldohexose monosaccharide, glucose being the classic example. A reducing disaccharide is ruled out because disaccharides yield two monosaccharide units on hydrolysis, contradicting the stated non-hydrolysable nature. A ketohexose would contain a ketone rather than an aldehyde group, so that classification conflicts with the polyhydroxy aldehyde description, and labelling it a polysaccharide is also wrong. A trisaccharide would hydrolyse into three units. This applies the NCERT classification scheme based on hydrolysis behaviour and functional group. As a consistency check, an aldohexose has the molecular formula C6H12O6 with one aldehyde and five hydroxyl-bearing carbons, which is exactly consistent with a single non-hydrolysable polyhydroxy aldehyde of six carbons.
🔒 Solution Hidden from View
Submit your answer to unlock the detailed step-by-step solution.
About This Question
- Subject
- chemistry
- Chapter
- biomolecules
- Topic
- carbohydrates classification
- Difficulty
- Easy
- Year
- 2025
Solution
Correct Answer:
An aldohexose monosaccharide
Classifying carbohydrates requires combining two criteria: how many sugar units they release on hydrolysis, and the nature and number of carbon atoms in the unit. A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolysed to anything simpler is by definition a monosaccharide. The description specifies a polyhydroxy aldehyde, which places it among aldoses, and the presence of six carbon atoms makes it a hexose. Combining these, the compound is an aldohexose monosaccharide, glucose being the classic example. A reducing disaccharide is ruled out because disaccharides yield two monosaccharide units on hydrolysis, contradicting the stated non-hydrolysable nature. A ketohexose would contain a ketone rather than an aldehyde group, so that classification conflicts with the polyhydroxy aldehyde description, and labelling it a polysaccharide is also wrong. A trisaccharide would hydrolyse into three units. This applies the NCERT classification scheme based on hydrolysis behaviour and functional group. As a consistency check, an aldohexose has the molecular formula C6H12O6 with one aldehyde and five hydroxyl-bearing carbons, which is exactly consistent with a single non-hydrolysable polyhydroxy aldehyde of six carbons.
This easy difficulty chemistry question is from the chapter biomolecules, covering the topic of carbohydrates classification. It appeared in the 2025 exam.
Looking for more practice? Explore all chemistry questions or browse biomolecules questions on RankGuru.