Biogeochemical Cycles

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Nitrogen fixation converts atmospheric N2 into:

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1. **Nitrogen Paradox**: Atmospheric nitrogen ($N_2$) is abundant but inert and cannot be used directly by plants.
2. **Nitrogen Fixation**: The process of converting $N_2$ into reactive forms.
3. **Chemical Transformation**: Biological nitrogen fixation (by $Rhizobium, Azotobacter,$ etc.) uses the enzyme **nitrogenase** to reduce $N_2$ into **Ammonia ($NH_3$)**.
4. **Nitrification**: Subsequent bacteria convert ammonia into nitrites ($NO_2^-$) and then nitrates ($NO_3^-$), which plants can finally absorb.

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Biogeochemical Cycles

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