Average Power Ac Circuit

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Average power in AC circuit P_avg equals?

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V0 I0

$V_{r} m s I_{r} m scos φ$

$V_{r} m s I_{r} m s / cos φ$

(1/2) V0 I0 sinφ

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Subject: physics
Chapter: em induction and ac
Topic: average power ac circuit
Difficulty: Medium
Year: 2025

Solution

Correct Answer:

$V_{r} m s I_{r} m scos φ$

Instantaneous Power: $p = v \cdot i = (V_{0} sin ω t) (I_{0} sin (ω t - ϕ))$ .
Time Average: Averaging this over a full cycle:
- $P_{a vg} = \frac{1}{2} V_{0} I_{0} cos ϕ$ .
Using RMS values: Since $V_{r m s} = V_{0} / 2$ and $I_{r m s} = I_{0} / 2$ :
- $P_{a vg} = V_{r m s} I_{r m s} cos ϕ$ .
Interpretation: $cos ϕ$ is the power factor. Power is only consumed by the resistive component of the circuit.

This medium difficulty physics question is from the chapter em induction and ac, covering the topic of average power ac circuit. It appeared in the 2025 exam.

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Average Power Ac Circuit

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