Anomalous Configuration
Which element shows anomalous electron configuration due to stability of half-filled d-subshell?
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About This Question
- Subject
- chemistry
- Chapter
- classification of elements and periodicity in properties
- Topic
- anomalous configuration
- Difficulty
- Easy
- Year
- 2025
Solution
Correct Answer:
Cr
- Aufbau Expectation: Chromium (Z=24) would be expected to be [Ar]3d44s2.
- Experimentation: The actual configuration is [Ar]3d54s1.
- Reason:
- Symmetry: A half-filled d-subshell (d5) is symmetrical.
- Exchange Energy: Electrons with parallel spins can 'exchange' positions, which is a stabilizing process. d5 allows more exchange pairs than d4.
- Outcome: The stability gained by filling the 3d subshell half-way exceeds the energy required to promote an electron from 4s.
This easy difficulty chemistry question is from the chapter classification of elements and periodicity in properties, covering the topic of anomalous configuration. It appeared in the 2025 exam.
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