Acid–base Equilibria

Question

Which statement about buffer capacity is correct?

RankGuru · Accepted Answer

1. **Buffer Capacity**: A measure of the ability of a buffer to resist changes in $pH$ upon addition of small amounts of strong acid or base.
2. **Concentration Dependence**: A buffer with $1.0$ M components has a much higher capacity than a buffer with $0.01$ M components because there is more 'reserve' acid/base to react.
3. **Optimal pH**: Buffer capacity is **maximum** when $[Acid] = [Base]$ (i.e., when $pH = pK_a$).
4. **Buffer Range**: Usually considered effective within $pH = pK_a \pm 1$.
5. **Summary**: A more concentrated buffer is 'stronger' and has a higher capacity.

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Acid–base Equilibria

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