Acetylation

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Acetylation of aniline with acetic anhydride gives:

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**Acetylation** (Acylation) of aniline involves the replacement of one hydrogen atom of the $-NH_2$ group with an acetyl group ($-COCH_3$).
- Reagent: Acetic anhydride or Acetyl chloride.
- Product: **Acetanilide** ($N$-phenylethanamide).
- **Significance**: Aniline is highly reactive toward electrophilic substitution (like bromination), often resulting in tri-substitution. By converting $-NH_2$ to $-NHCOCH_3$, the electron-donating effect is 'toned down' due to resonance of the lone pair with the carbonyl oxygen. This allows for controlled mono-substitution.

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Acetylation

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